几个网络唤醒工具

如果要将关闭状态的计算机远程开机的话，通常需要在BIOS里进行适当的设置。然后就是发送远程唤醒报文的问题了。网络唤醒包的格式并不复杂，但是问题在于由于唤醒包需要网络广播，无法跨网段唤醒，通常需要在路由器上作一些端口映射，或者设置定向广播之类。那么如果能首先连到目标网段内的一台电脑，无论是windows机或unix机，都好办多了。下面是一个powershell唤醒脚本，在安装有powershell的 windows机上用起来很方便：

从MS官方blog上看到一则很实用的脚本，用来远程唤醒系统

1、确认你的系统是否支持远程唤醒

#ethtool etho|grep ‘Wake-on’

Supports Wake-on: pumbag

Wake-on: g

g 表示已启动

2、编写脚本

########################
param($MacAddress)
echo “Wake up $MacAddress Now!”
[byte[]] $MagicPacket = 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF
$MagicPacket += ($MacAddress.split(‘-’) | foreach {[byte] (’0x’ + $_)}) * 16
$UdpClient = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.UdpClient
$UdpClient.Connect(([System.Net.IPAddress]::Broadcast) ,9)
$UdpClient.Send($MagicPacket,$MagicPacket.length)
########################

保存为wakeup.ps1

3、测试：

PS D:programmepowershell> ping 192.168.1.188 -n 1;
.wakeup.ps1 00-16-11-11-11-11;
ping 192.168.1.188 -n 3
Pinging 192.168.1.188 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out. <<—-系统处于挂起的状态
Ping statistics for 192.168.1.188:
Packets: Sent = 1, Received = 0, Lost = 1 (100% loss),
Wake up 00-16-d3-c6-bd-25 Now!
102
Pinging 192.168.1.188 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.1.188: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.188: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64 <<—-成功

windows下常用的magic packet  utility就不说了。可唤醒一台目标机也可唤醒一个网段。linux下的工具呢？如果是ubuntu，用以下方法：

sudo apt-get install ethtool

sudo ethtool eth0 |grep Wake-on

如果显示结果为下面这样，就表示网卡支持WOL：

Supports Wake-on:pumbgWake-on : g

在本地计算机上安装远程唤醒工具wakeonlan：

sudo apt-get install wakeonlan

执行下面的命令就可以唤醒远程的计算机了：

#host_address为远程计算机的域名或ip地址，mac_address为远程计算机的mac地址,mac地址是’:’间隔的形式

wakeonlan -i host_address mac_address

或者自己编译个简单的程序，因为只需向目标机发送简单的报文就可以了。

/* ether-wake.c: Send a magic packet to wake up sleeping machines. */
    static char version_msg[] =
    "ether-wake.c: v1.09 11/12/2003 Donald Becker, http://www.scyld.com/";
    static char brief_usage_msg[] =
    "usage: ether-wake [-i <ifname>] [-p aa:bb:cc:dd[:ee:ff]] 00:11:22:33:44:55\n"
    "   Use '-u' to see the complete set of options.\n";
    static char usage_msg[] =
    "usage: ether-wake [-i <ifname>] [-p aa:bb:cc:dd[:ee:ff]] 00:11:22:33:44:55\n"
    "\n"
    "        This program generates and transmits a Wake-On-LAN (WOL)\n"
    "        \"Magic Packet\", used for restarting machines that have been\n"
    "        soft-powered-down (ACPI D3-warm state).\n"
    "        It currently generates the standard AMD Magic Packet format, with\n"
    "        an optional password appended.\n"
    "\n"
    "        The single required parameter is the Ethernet MAC (station) address\n"
    "        of the machine to wake or a host ID with known NSS 'ethers' entry.\n"
    "        The MAC address may be found with the 'arp' program while the target\n"
    "        machine is awake.\n"
    "\n"
    "        Options:\n"
    "                -b        Send wake-up packet to the broadcast address.\n"
    "                -D        Increase the debug level.\n"
    "                -i ifname        Use interface IFNAME instead of the default 'eth0'.\n"
    "                -p <pw>                Append the four or six byte password PW to the packet.\n"
    "                                        A password is only required for a few adapter types.\n"
    "                                        The password may be specified in ethernet hex format\n"
    "                                        or dotted decimal (Internet address)\n"
    "                -p 00:22:44:66:88:aa\n"
    "                -p 192.168.1.1\n";
    /*
            This program generates and transmits a Wake-On-LAN (WOL) "Magic Packet",
            used for restarting machines that have been soft-powered-down
            (ACPI D3-warm state).  It currently generates the standard AMD Magic Packet
            format, with an optional password appended.
            This software may be used and distributed according to the terms
            of the GNU Public License, incorporated herein by reference.
            Contact the author for use under other terms.
            This source file was originally part of the network tricks package, and
            is now distributed to support the Scyld Beowulf system.
            Copyright 1999-2003 Donald Becker and Scyld Computing Corporation.
            The author may be reached as becker@scyld, or C/O
             Scyld Computing Corporation
             914 Bay Ridge Road, Suite 220
             Annapolis MD 21403
      Notes:
      On some systems dropping root capability allows the process to be
      dumped, traced or debugged.
      If someone traces this program, they get control of a raw socket.
      Linux handles this safely, but beware when porting this program.
      An alternative to needing 'root' is using a UDP broadcast socket, however
      doing so only works with adapters configured for unicast+broadcast Rx
      filter.  That configuration consumes more power.
    */
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <errno.h>
    #include <ctype.h>
    #include <string.h>
    #if 0                                                        /* Only exists on some versions. */
    #include <ioctls.h>
    #endif
    #include <sys/socket.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <sys/ioctl.h>
    #include <linux/if.h>
    #include <features.h>
    #if __GLIBC__ >= 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR >= 1
    #include <netpacket/packet.h>
    #include <net/ethernet.h>
    #else
    #include <asm/types.h>
    #include <linux/if_packet.h>
    #include <linux/if_ether.h>
    #endif
    #include <netdb.h>
    #include <netinet/ether.h>
    /* Grrr, no consistency between include versions.
       Enable this if setsockopt() isn't declared with your library. */
    #if 0
    extern int setsockopt __P ((int __fd, int __level, int __optname,
                                                            __ptr_t __optval, int __optlen));
    #else                                /* New, correct head files.  */
    #include <sys/socket.h>
    #endif
    u_char outpack[1000];
    int outpack_sz = 0;
    int debug = 0;
    u_char wol_passwd[6];
    int wol_passwd_sz = 0;
    static int opt_no_src_addr = 0, opt_broadcast = 0;
    static int get_dest_addr(const char *arg, struct ether_addr *eaddr);
    static int get_fill(unsigned char *pkt, struct ether_addr *eaddr);
    static int get_wol_pw(const char *optarg);
    int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
            char *ifname = "eth0";
            int one = 1;                                /* True, for socket options. */
            int s;                                                /* Raw socket */
            int errflag = 0, verbose = 0, do_version = 0;
            int perm_failure = 0;
            int i, c, pktsize;
    #if defined(PF_PACKET)
            struct sockaddr_ll whereto;
    #else
            struct sockaddr whereto;        /* who to wake up */
    #endif
            struct ether_addr eaddr;
            while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bDi:p:uvV")) != -1)
                    switch (c) {
                    case 'b': opt_broadcast++;        break;
                    case 'D': debug++;                        break;
                    case 'i': ifname = optarg;        break;
                    case 'p': get_wol_pw(optarg); break;
                    case 'u': printf(usage_msg); return 0;
                    case 'v': verbose++;                break;
                    case 'V': do_version++;                break;
                    case '?':
                            errflag++;
                    }
            if (verbose || do_version)
                    printf("%s\n", version_msg);
            if (errflag) {
                    fprintf(stderr, brief_usage_msg);
                    return 3;
            }
            if (optind == argc) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "Specify the Ethernet address as 00:11:22:33:44:55.\n");
                    return 3;
            }
            /* Note: PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP would allow SIOCGIFHWADDR to
               work as non-root, but we need SOCK_PACKET to specify the Ethernet
               destination address. */
    #if defined(PF_PACKET)
            s = socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, 0);
    #else
            s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_PACKET, SOCK_PACKET);
    #endif
            if (s < 0) {
                    if (errno == EPERM)
                            fprintf(stderr, "ether-wake: This program must be run as root.\n");
                    else
                            perror("ether-wake: socket");
                    perm_failure++;
            }
            /* Don't revert if debugging allows a normal user to get the raw socket. */
            setuid(getuid());
            /* We look up the station address before reporting failure so that
               errors may be reported even when run as a normal user.
            */
            if (get_dest_addr(argv[optind], &eaddr) != 0)
                    return 3;
            if (perm_failure && ! debug)
                    return 2;
            pktsize = get_fill(outpack, &eaddr);
            /* Fill in the source address, if possible.
               The code to retrieve the local station address is Linux specific. */
            if (! opt_no_src_addr) {
                    struct ifreq if_hwaddr;
                    unsigned char *hwaddr = if_hwaddr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data;
                    strcpy(if_hwaddr.ifr_name, ifname);
                    if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &if_hwaddr) < 0) {
                            fprintf(stderr, "SIOCGIFHWADDR on %s failed: %s\n", ifname,
                                            strerror(errno));
                            /* Magic packets still work if our source address is bogus, but
                               we fail just to be anal. */
                            return 1;
                    }
                    memcpy(outpack+6, if_hwaddr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data, 6);
                    if (verbose) {
                            printf("The hardware address (SIOCGIFHWADDR) of %s is type %d  "
                                       "%2.2x:%2.2x:%2.2x:%2.2x:%2.2x:%2.2x.\n", ifname,
                                       if_hwaddr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_family, hwaddr[0], hwaddr[1],
                                       hwaddr[2], hwaddr[3], hwaddr[4], hwaddr[5]);
                    }
            }
            if (wol_passwd_sz > 0) {
                    memcpy(outpack+pktsize, wol_passwd, wol_passwd_sz);
                    pktsize += wol_passwd_sz;
            }
            if (verbose > 1) {
                    printf("The final packet is: ");
                    for (i = 0; i < pktsize; i++)
                            printf(" %2.2x", outpack[i]);
                    printf(".\n");
            }
            /* This is necessary for broadcasts to work */
            if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, (char *)&one, sizeof(one)) < 0)
                    perror("setsockopt: SO_BROADCAST");
    #if defined(PF_PACKET)
            {
                    struct ifreq ifr;
                    strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
                    if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFINDEX, &ifr) == -1) {
                            fprintf(stderr, "SIOCGIFINDEX on %s failed: %s\n", ifname,
                                            strerror(errno));
                            return 1;
                    }
                    memset(&whereto, 0, sizeof(whereto));
                    whereto.sll_family = AF_PACKET;
                    whereto.sll_ifindex = ifr.ifr_ifindex;
                    /* The manual page incorrectly claims the address must be filled.
                       We do so because the code may change to match the docs. */
                    whereto.sll_halen = ETH_ALEN;
                    memcpy(whereto.sll_addr, outpack, ETH_ALEN);
            }
    #else
            whereto.sa_family = 0;
            strcpy(whereto.sa_data, ifname);
    #endif
            if ((i = sendto(s, outpack, pktsize, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto,
                                            sizeof(whereto))) < 0)
                    perror("sendto");
            else if (debug)
                    printf("Sendto worked ! %d.\n", i);
    #ifdef USE_SEND
            if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto, sizeof(whereto)) < 0)
                    perror("bind");
            else if (send(s, outpack, 100, 0) < 0)
                    perror("send");
    #endif
    #ifdef USE_SENDMSG
            {
                    struct msghdr msghdr = { 0,};
                    struct iovec iovector[1];
                    msghdr.msg_name = &whereto;
                    msghdr.msg_namelen = sizeof(whereto);
                    msghdr.msg_iov = iovector;
                    msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
                    iovector[0].iov_base = outpack;
                    iovector[0].iov_len = pktsize;
                    if ((i = sendmsg(s, &msghdr, 0)) < 0)
                            perror("sendmsg");
                    else if (debug)
                            printf("sendmsg worked, %d (%d).\n", i, errno);
            }
    #endif
            return 0;
    }
    /* Convert the host ID string to a MAC address.
       The string may be a
            Host name
        IP address string
            MAC address string
    */
    static int get_dest_addr(const char *hostid, struct ether_addr *eaddr)
    {
            struct ether_addr *eap;
            eap = ether_aton(hostid);
            if (eap) {
                    *eaddr = *eap;
                    if (debug)
                            fprintf(stderr, "The target station address is %s.\n",
                                            ether_ntoa(eaddr));
            } else if (ether_hostton(hostid, eaddr) == 0) {
                    if (debug)
                            fprintf(stderr, "Station address for hostname %s is %s.\n",
                                            hostid, ether_ntoa(eaddr));
            } else {
                    (void)fprintf(stderr,
                                              "ether-wake: The Magic Packet host address must be "
                                              "specified as\n"
                                              "  - a station address, 00:11:22:33:44:55, or\n"
                                              "  - a hostname with a known 'ethers' entry.\n");
                    return -1;
            }
            return 0;
    }
    static int get_fill(unsigned char *pkt, struct ether_addr *eaddr)
    {
            int offset, i;
            unsigned char *station_addr = eaddr->ether_addr_octet;
            if (opt_broadcast)
                    memset(pkt+0, 0xff, 6);
            else
                    memcpy(pkt, station_addr, 6);
            memcpy(pkt+6, station_addr, 6);
            pkt[12] = 0x08;                                /* Or 0x0806 for ARP, 0x8035 for RARP */
            pkt[13] = 0x42;
            offset = 14;
            memset(pkt+offset, 0xff, 6);
            offset += 6;
            for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
                    memcpy(pkt+offset, station_addr, 6);
                    offset += 6;
            }
            if (debug) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "Packet is ");
                    for (i = 0; i < offset; i++)
                            fprintf(stderr, " %2.2x", pkt[i]);
                    fprintf(stderr, ".\n");
            }
            return offset;
    }
    static int get_wol_pw(const char *optarg)
    {
            int passwd[6];
            int byte_cnt;
            int i;
            byte_cnt = sscanf(optarg, "%2x:%2x:%2x:%2x:%2x:%2x",
                                              &passwd[0], &passwd[1], &passwd[2],
                                              &passwd[3], &passwd[4], &passwd[5]);
            if (byte_cnt < 4)
                    byte_cnt = sscanf(optarg, "%d.%d.%d.%d",
                                                      &passwd[0], &passwd[1], &passwd[2], &passwd[3]);
            if (byte_cnt < 4) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "Unable to read the Wake-On-LAN password.\n");
                    return 0;
            }
            printf(" The Magic packet password is %2.2x %2.2x %2.2x %2.2x (%d).\n",
                       passwd[0], passwd[1], passwd[2], passwd[3], byte_cnt);
            for (i = 0; i < byte_cnt; i++)
                    wol_passwd[i] = passwd[i];
            return wol_passwd_sz = byte_cnt;
    }
    #if 0
    {
            to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto;
            to->sin_family = AF_INET;
            if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr)) {
                    hostname = target;
            }
            memset (&sa, 0, sizeof sa);
            sa.sa_family = AF_INET;
            strncpy (sa.sa_data, interface, sizeof sa.sa_data);
            sendto (sock, buf, bufix + len, 0, &sa, sizeof sa);
            strncpy (sa.sa_data, interface, sizeof sa.sa_data);
    #if 1
            sendto (sock, buf, bufix + len, 0, &sa, sizeof sa);
    #else
            bind (sock, &sa, sizeof sa);
            connect();
            send (sock, buf, bufix + len, 0);
    #endif
    }
    #endif
    /*
    * Local variables:
    *  compile-command: "gcc -O -Wall -o ether-wake ether-wake.c"
    *  c-indent-level: 4
    *  c-basic-offset: 4
    *  c-indent-level: 4
    *  tab-width: 4
    * End:
    */

上面程序未测试，但没有太复杂的原理，仅作收藏用。